Your Brother in Arms: A Union Soldier's Odyssey

Your Brother in Arms: A Union Soldier's Odyssey by Robert C. Plumb



George P. McClelland, a member of the 155th Pennsylvania Infantry in the Civil War, witnessed some of the war’s most pivotal battles during his two and a half years of Union service. Death and destruction surrounded this young soldier, who endured the challenges of front line combat in the conflict Lincoln called “the fiery trial through which we pass.” Throughout his time at war, McClelland wrote to his family, keeping them abreast of his whereabouts and aware of the harrowing experiences he endured in battle. Never before published, McClelland’s letters offer fresh insights into camp life, battlefield conditions, perceptions of key leaders, and the mindset of a young man who faced the prospect of death nearly every day of his service. Through this book, the detailed experiences of one soldier—examined amidst the larger account of the war in the eastern theater—offer a fresh, personal perspective on one of our nation’s most brutal conflicts.


Your Brother in Arms follows McClelland through his Civil War odyssey, from his enlistment in Pittsburgh in the summer of 1862 and his journey to Washington and march to Antietam, followed by his encounters in a succession of critical battles: Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Spotsylvania Court House, the North Anna River, Petersburg, and Five Forks, Virginia, where he was gravely injured. McClelland’s words, written from the battlefield and the infirmary, convey his connection to his siblings and his longing for home. But even more so, they reflect the social, cultural, and political currents of the war he was fighting. With extensive detail, Robert C. Plumb expounds on McClelland’s words by placing the events described in context and illuminating the collective forces at play in each account, adding a historical outlook to the raw voice of a young soldier.

Beating the odds of Civil War treatment, McClelland recovered from his injury at Five Forks and was discharged as a brevet-major in 1865—a rank bestowed on leaders who show bravery in the face of enemy fire. He was a common soldier who performed uncommon service, and the forty-two documents he and his family left behind now give readers the opportunity to know the war from his perspective.

More than a book of battlefield reports, Your Brother in Arms: A Union Soldier’s Odyssey is a volume that explores the wartime experience through a soldier’s eyes, making it an engaging and valuable read for those interested in American history, the Civil War, and military history.

Robert Plumb interview on Virginia Time Travel

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The Confederate Woman: Soldier and Spy

These fictional memoirs are based on the true story of a southern belle who defied convention to become a front line soldier and spy for the Confederacy. Follow Laura as she fights in some of the bloodiest battles of the war, breaks hearts, and extends the limits of glory.


This story is based on the life and writings of Loreta Janeta Velazquez. Almost everything known about Loreta Velazquez comes from a six hundred page book she published in 1876 entitled The Woman in Battle: A Narrative of the Exploits, Adventures, and travels of Madame Loreta Janeta Velázquez, Otherwise Known as Lieutenant Harry T Buford, Confederate States Army. The Woman in Battle is written in the popular romantic style of the 19th century and is similar to books portraying the lives and adventures of wild west heroes such as Bat Masterson and Wyatt Earp. (Velazguez talks about her own western adventures for several hundred pages after wrapping up her Civil War reminiscences). When the book first appeared, Velázquez stated that she had written the book primarily for money so she could support her child.

Shortly after its appearance, former Confederate General Jubal Early denounced The Woman in Battle as an obvious fiction. Historians are divided concerning the truth of Velazquez’s claims to have served as a Confederate soldier and spy, citing the improbability of her many adventures and her vagueness and inaccuracies regarding names and places. Most historians have found it difficult to corroborate her claims from existing written evidence, although there have been some tantalizing finds that lend some credence to the Velazguez story. Notwithstanding the criticisms, some historians note that Velazquez seems extremely familiar with key events of the time, in short, there is at least a seed of truth in her story.

Brave soldier and spy, or literary opportunist? History’s jury is still out on the case of Loreta Velazguez.

The Confederate Woman: Soldier and Spy

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Spies in Northern Virginia

Robert Hanssen



Excerpted from: The Hidden History of Northern Virginia


Not surprisingly, the Washington D.C. area was a hotbed of spy vs. spy activity during the Cold War. Two of the most notorious traitors emerging from the Cold War era were native born Americans living in Northern Virignia. Aldridge Ames, a CIA employee became the best paid traitor in American history by selling secrets to the Soviets for some five million dollars in the late 1980s. This information resulted in the deaths of ten counter-intelligence agents working for the United States. Colleagues became suspicious when Ames began living a lavish lifestyle far beyond his apparent means, at one point paying cash for an expensive home in Arlington. Ames was arrested in 1994, and is serving a life sentence without parole. Even more notorious was Robert Philip Hanssen, an FBI agent who spied for the Soviet and Russian intelligence services against the United States for over twenty-two years. Hanssen’s activities have been characterized as, “possibly the worst intelligence disaster in US history”. Hanssen was arrested February 18, 2001 at Foxstone Park (a favorite secret drop off point for the spy) near his home in Vienna, Virginia. Hanssen is serving a life sentence without parole.

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Virginia's Civil War Generals

Civil War historian Don Hakenson gives insights into Virginia's greatest Civil War generals.

Time Travel 21 - Your portal to the Past, Present, and Future

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The Treasures of Jose Gaspar (Gasparilla)

The Pirate Jose Gaspar

From Legends of Pirate Gold

Perhaps the greatest of Florida's pirates was Jose Gaspar. The memory of Jose Gaspar, or "Gasparilla", has been honored every year since 1904 by Ye Mystic Krewe of Gasparilla, a society of Tampa business and professional men, who sail into Tampa Bay every February to capture the city, have a huge parade and stage a Pirate's Ball. Many people have lost sight of the historic Jose Gaspar amidst all the carnival revelry. The real Gasparilla was born near Seville, Spain in 1756 to parents belonging to the minor aristocracy. As a boy Gasparilla was high spirited. At the age of twelve he kidnapped a neighbor's daughter holding her for ransom. As a result of this escapade he was given the choice of prison or the Spanish navy. He chose the navy and spent six years learning the ways of ships, pistols and swords. Having risen honorably in the Spanish navy, Gaspar might have led a respectable life, but once again a woman proved his undoing. Spurning the affection of a noble lady, Gaspar became the object this powerful woman's wrath. Escaping her murderous desire for revenge Gasparilla went a-pirating; declaring war against Spain.

Gasparilla operated at a period favoring piracy; Spanish strength was at a low point, the new Latin American republics had no navies, and England and the United States were recovering from the Revolutionary War. By 1795 Gasparilla had captured and burned some thirty six Spanish ships. He was to continue making war on Spain for another quarter of a century.

Although Gasparilla was a man of polished manners, who liked fashionable clothing, and had a streak of nostalgic romance in his character, he was as cruel as the worst product of the London slums. As soon as a ship was captured the male prisoners were knifed in the back and tossed overboard. Many of the female prisoners fared no better. The old, ugly, and infirm were tossed to the sharks, as were any children. Those women that Gasparilla spared were divided among the officers and the crew.

After years of successful pirating Gasparilla felt the need for a stronghold where he could house his prisoners and warehouse his riches. Above all, he needed a place where he could live as a gentleman between voyages. He selected an island at the mouth of Charlotte Harbor on the wild, west coast of Florida.

After the War of 1812 the tide turned against the pirates of the Gulf. The United States began to send strong naval forces to patrol these waters. Merchant ships became better armed and manned. Many pirates started looking for easy pickings in Central and South America. By 1821 Gasparilla was the only major pirate still operating in the Gulf or Caribbean, and even he could see the handwriting on the wall. At age 65 he began dismantling his stronghold, intending to move to South America. But before he could make good his escape he fell into a cleverly laid trap.

On the very morning Gasparilla planned to leave Florida forever, a large ship was sighted from the watch tower. The ship was apparently a rich British merchantman. The prospect of taking this rich prize was too much for Gasparilla to resist. The pirates, in a vessel already heavily laden with treasure, bore down on the unfortunate merchantman. When they came in firing range, however, the false sides of the merchantman fell away revealing scores of U.S. Naval guns. The American flag was run up, and the ENTERPRISE raked the pirates with shot and chain.

Outsmarted and outgunned Gasparilla realized his mistake too late. As the pirate ship began to sink, Gasparilla wrapped the anchor chain around his waist and threw himself into the sea.

Gasparilla is said to have buried a treasure on Christmas Island near the mouth of Tampa Bay. Gasparilla's main base was on Upper Captiva Island, off Ft. Myers. In 1953 a treasure hunter dug up a chest containing $17,000 in silver and gold coins in this area. Gasparilla supposedly buried other such treasures on Gasparilla Island off Charlotte Harbor, north of Ft. Myers, and on Anastasia Island, near St. Augustine.

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Pirates of Maine

From: Legends of Pirate Gold

The first pirate to operate in the waters of New England was one Dixey Bull. In June, 1632, he was peacefully trading in Penobscot Bay when a roving French company seized his goods. Bull reacted by gathering a small company to make a venture against the French. After vainly searching for Frenchmen on whom to work his revenge, Bull and his company began plundering English traders. Finding the pickings easy, the newly formed pirate company looted Pemaquid. Pursued by a small flotilla dispatched by the authorities of the Massachusetts Bay Company, Dixey Bull vanishes from history, said to have gone over to join the French.


Dixey Bull is said to have buried his loot in and around the Casco Bay area. In 1855 a farmer plowed up twenty one pieces of gold and thirty one pieces of silver on Richmond Island in Casco Bay. This was probably part of Dixey Bull's loot from the sack of Pemaquid.

Another pirate who left treasure in the Casco Bay area was Edward Low. Captain Ned Low, in the four years of his piratical career, stole immense amounts of treasure and committed incomprehensible acts of cruelty. At one point, Low spread information that he intended to kill the master of every New England vessel he captured. Ned Low's insane rage was no idle boast. A few examples will suffice. He ripped the master of one New England vessel open alive; roasted the poor man's heart; and then compelled the first mate to eat it. He slashed the master of another vessel unmercifully with his cutlass; then cut off the unfortunate man's ears and had them roasted. After sprinkling the ears with salt and pepper, he made the crew eat them. The wounded captain's wounds were so severe he soon died. Low also intended to torture and murder the captured crew, but his own men had had enough and forced Low to release the honest seamen. These released seamen brought home information that Low carried an enormous cargo of gold and silver coin and plate.

Low's end was no less than he deserved. Overthrown by his crew, the psychopathic Low was cast adrift without provisions. Rescued by a French Man-of-War, Low was soon discovered to be a pirate. If ever a man sailing the seas deserved to be hanged and gibbeted in chains it was Ned Low. And so it was.

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Being Gay in 19th Century America

From: Love, Sex and Marriage in Victorian America

In the middle of the 19th century, medical writers attempted to establish ways to identify male homosexuality, which was considered a significant social problem. Medical literature increasingly portrayed homosexuals as effeminate and degenerate. A general belief among social purity campaigners, on the other hand, was that male homosexuality was a product of the same unrestrained male lust they were trying to curb. Homosexuality was portrayed as a jaded appetite of lustful men. Society had a duty “to enforce the law and protect the children of respectable parents….from being made the victims of the unnatural lusts of full grown men.”

By 1890, private male homosexual acts were explicitly and severely legislated against. Laws were much more all encompassing than before. There was no provision made in the laws for women committing similar offences, however. Two overtly lesbian women in a relationship would be referred to as “companions.” The fact that they might enjoy sex with one another remained unmentionable.

In 1897, the British psychologist Henry Havelock Ellis published his study Sexual Inversion which concluded that homosexuality was neither a disease nor a crime. The book was declared obscene and the bookseller imprisoned. Victorian Britain was a society dominated by an evangelical religion that demanded that strict rules of behavior be followed. Victorian America mirrored the sentiment.

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